金沟岭林场云冷杉林空间分布格局及更新研究

用距离方法(T-square)研究金沟岭林场主要森林类型云冷杉林的空间分布格局,经检验,2个云冷杉林分的林木空间分布格局分别为集聚分布和随机分布.其中2002年择伐的林分还没有得到恢复,因此呈集聚分布;而1988年择伐的林分已恢复了原始林的特征,其空间格局呈随机分布.由调查的更新数据可以清晰看出,研究林分更新状况很好.     

宜昌市国有林场二次创业潜在优势的分析及出路探讨

作者就对宜昌市国有林场二次创业潜在的优势、出路及观念的改变进行了分析和探讨 ,为国有林场建设和发展不断注入新活力 ,实现林业跨越式发展奠定了基础     

基于RS和GIS的天鹅山林场森林景观格局研究

以2003年12月28日Spot5遥感图像和2000年天鹅山森林二类资源调查数据为主要数据源,利用ERMAP-PER和ARCGIS为空间信息处理工具得到森林景观分布图,采用软件Fragstats3.3对天鹅山林场的景观要素特征、景观异质性和景观空间关系进行了分析,以揭示其生态状况和空间变异。结果表明:全场共划分7类景观要素,其中杉木林、阔叶林为该场主要森林景观要素类型;松林与幼林受人类干扰大而阔叶林受人类干扰小;杉木林地之间的聚集状况较好。     

双柏县国有林场发展现状与改革对策思考

双柏县森林资源丰富,发展林业具有得天独厚的优势,8个国有林场是林业建设的主力军,但随着时代变迁和社会进步,国有林场当前的管理体制和经营机制与现代林业发展已不相适应,"大资源、小产业"现象突出。文章阐述双柏县国有林场发展历程和现状,分析了面临的发展障碍,提出了转变体制,强化职能;完善机制,释放活力;调整结构,提高效益;拓宽融资渠道,加大投入;强化科技,集约经营等深化改革对策措施。     

论我国管护型股份制林场发展的制约因素 --湖南江冲村股份制林场调查

我国股份制林场诞生至今,历经了十几个春秋,由于种种原因,其发展壮大受到制约;通过对湖南江冲村股份制林场的调查,分析了管护型股份制林场发展的制约因素,并提出建议.     

华溪国有林场可持续经营分析与评价

研究森林经营单位级的可持续经营是实现森林可持续经营的基础和保障,也是我国当前森林经营亟待研究的前沿课题.以广东韶关华溪国有林场为例,结合广东省森林资源二类调查和生态状况调查,探讨森林生态功能上的可持续经营指标体系,指出没有生态上的森林可持续,整个林业的发展将是不可持续的.     

Foresters' beliefs about farmers: a priority for social science research in social forestry

This study suggests that one of the most productive (and most neglected) uses of social science research in forestry development projects is to examine foresters' beliefs regarding rural peoples. This suggestion is illustrated with data from the Forestry Planning and Development Project, Pakistan's first nation-wide social forestry project.The operational component of this project, intended to assist small farmers to cultivate trees on their farmlands, ran into immediate difficulties. Many of the foresters involved insisted that small farmers were simply not interested in tree cultivation. A comprehensive base-line study subsequently was carried out to examine the validity of this belief. The results of this study (confirmed by the subsequent experience with the project in the field) varied markedly from the foresters' beliefs.While many of the foresters believed small farmers were opposed to having trees on their farms and would not agree to plant trees under the project, most farmers already had trees on their farms and expressed interest in planting more; while many foresters believed farmers would only be interested in planting large blocks of market-oriented exotics, most farmers requested small plantings of multi-purpose native trees; while many foresters believed farmers would plant trees only for market sale, most farmers requested trees to meet household needs for fuel and timber; and while many foresters did not think that increasing supplies of fuelwood could reduce the burning of dung, all of the evidence provided by the farmers suggested that it would.The disparity between farmer reality and forester belief is attributed to failures on the part of both foresters and social scientists — failure by foresters to distinguish their non-empirical beliefs about farmers from their empirically-based knowledge of trees, and failure by social scientists to recognize the belief systems of foresters as a legitimate and important object of study. Their study comprises three parts: finding out what the foresters think the farmers want, finding out from the farmers what they actually want, and then analyzing and explaining the differences.     

Experimental verification of<Emphasis Type="Italic"> Lasioderma serricorne</Emphasis> (F.) pupa development threshold previously defined using the thermal constant equation K=D(T−t)

This work verifies the development threshold of the pupal stage of L. serricorne whose larva fed exclusively on dried tobacco leaves. In previous work, using the thermal constant equation, this threshold was found to be 13.8 °C and the thermal constant to range from 89.05 to 94.05 day-degrees (°C). Lower temperatures, 10.5±0.5, 11.5±0.5 and 12.5±0.5 °C, close to this threshold, were tested in the absence of light and at a relative humidity of 65±3% . It was found that no development of either larva or pupa exists below this threshold     

The use of compensatory and non-compensatory multi-criteria analysis for small-scale forestry

Small-scale farm forestry has the potential to offer many benefits both to landholders and the wider community. As with all changes in land-use practices, there are associated benefits and costs and these are not uniformly distributed. They have varying impacts on the different values, aspirations, goals and objectives that exist within the community. Furthermore, the community does not consider these values, aspirations, goals and objectives of equal importance. The degree of concern can vary from minor to high and overriding all other considerations. When evaluating farm forestry options it is necessary to address all of these concerns. This paper examines the combined use compensatory and non-compensatory multi-criteria analyses to evaluate forestry options, in a case study for the Darling Downs region of Queensland, Australia. These aggregation techniques are found to be highly complementary and together provide a comprehensive analysis. The compensatory technique provides a sound measure of overall performance of a forestry system, whereas the non-compensatory technique alerts decision-makers to presence of particularly poor performance with respect to individual criteria. The compensatory technique used is simple and understandable even for those with non-mathematical backgrounds. This analysis can identify and aid communication of the relative benefits and costs, and trade-offs, between economic, environmental and social considerations.     

Stand basal area as an index of tree competitiveness in timber intercropping

To derive optimal benefits from intercropping timber, farmers should make important initial decisions on tree species and planting density with a good understanding of their tradeoffs. Complex and data-intensive models used by researchers should be supplemented with simpler models based on easily measured parameters and easily understood competition functions. In experiments in the Philippine uplands, growth parameters of three popular farm-forestry species (Eucalyptus deglupta, E. torelliana, and Paraserianthes falcataria) were measured, along with intercropped and non-intercropped yields of maize and vegetables. The commonly used forestry parameter of stand basal area had a significant negative correlation with intercrop yields (as a percentage of non-intercropped yields). The slope of the regression line differed between species; in this study, percent yield loss per unit stem basal area growth was in the order E. deglupta > E. torelliana > P. falcataria. The relationship between stand basal area and intercrop-yield decline was tested on an independent data set from China. Intercrop yields had significant negative correlations with stand basal area of Paulownia elongata. We propose that adaptive tree-screening trials evaluate competitiveness in addition to evaluating growth and mortality. Stand basal area may be better suited to this task than more mechanistic indices such as leaf-area index as it is easy to measure, calculate, and understand, and it may serve as a better index of total (aboveground + belowground) competition. Basal area is also directly related to tree volume, and allows farmers to more easily evaluate the economic tradeoffs between tree growth and intercrop-yield declines. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.